| 1. | To stabilise price ratios on commodity markets , the yongzheng emperor , after serious reflection , enacted a thoroughgoing reform , and , for a long time thereafter , until the reign of the qianlong emperor , the total cost of coining specie was held at a low rate below one hang per one thousand wen of copper - bronze cash
摘要雍正皇帝为稳定商品市场的银钱比价，对铜钱制度深刻反思后进行了全面改革，至乾隆时期，改革后的铸钱成本长期保持在铜钱千文含银一两以下，成本较低。 |
