| 1. | Lumped parameter system
集总参量系统 |
| 2. | Lumped parameter systems are described by ordinary differential equations ; while distributed parameter systems are described by partial differential equations
集中参数系统用常微分方程描述，而分布参数系统用偏微分方程描述。 |
| 3. | Lumped parameter systems are those for which physical characteristics are assumed to be concentrated in one or more ‘ lumps ' and thus independent of any spatial distribution
集中参数系统是指这样一些系统，其物理特性都集中在一个或者多个集中体上，因此与空间分布无关。 |
| 4. | 3 . the random theory is applied to the thermal shock model in the first time . the lumped parameter system and the plane wall random model have been established and the simulated results are also have been got
其原理完全适用于计算3维有限元活塞随机温度或采用其它数值方法(差分法、离散化法、边界元法、 … … )计算随机温度场。 |
| 5. | The thermal state of the piston has been studied under the thermal shock in the first time . the lumped parameter system of the temperature has been established under the triangle rectangle and instantaneous impact . and the simulation results also have been got
首次建立了活塞在受到矩形波、三角形波、瞬态冲击等热激励时的温度变化的集总参数模型，进而获得了在上述热冲击下活塞温度的解析解及稳态解。 |
| 6. | 4 . the algorithm solving an optimal control problem governed by a semilinear parabolic equation with the control in the coefficients and source term is studied . the strong variational method which presented by mayne to solve the optimal control of lump parameter system is developed to semilinear parabolic optimal control problem
4 、把由mayne等所提出的用于求解集中参数系统最优控制的强变分法，推广应用于一类控制变量含于高阶导数项系数与源项中半线性抛物型系统最优控制之中。 |
