Reactionary as they were , the kulak and the junker performed at times progressive functions in rural economy ; the chinese landlord performed none 俄国富农和德国地主固然反动，但在农业经济中有时还有进步作用，中国地主就没有任何进步作用可言。
2.
Furthermore , in order to predict the force at beam tension flange when end - plate yields , kulak method , applied to determine the ultimate strength of the t - stub connections , are modified by introducing a parameter c . the general solution of parameter c is also provided in this paper 在有限元计算的基础上，本文分析了影响节点强度的主要因素，包括： ( 1 )螺栓和端板的强度； ( 2 )柱翼缘的抗压强度； ( 3 )柱腹板的抗压强度。
