Neither monge nor carnot, who also used the principle, gave any justification of it . 无论Monge还是Carnot（他也用过这原理）都没有提出过任何根据。
2.
Neither monge nor carnot , who also used the principle , gave any justification of it 无论monge还是carnot （他也用过这原理）都没有提出过任何根据。
3.
Monge theorem : given three circles , and construct common tangents of two circles mutually . then three points lies in a straight line 蒙日定理：给定三圆，则两两圆的外公切线交点在同一直线上(蒙日直线) 。
4.
Outer similar axis : the line joining three outer similar points x , y , z of three circles is called outer similar axis ( or monge line ) 外相似轴：给定三圆，则三对外相似点x , y , z在同一直线上(蒙日直线) 。此性质又称为"蒙日定理" 。
