[ xiān; xiàn ] 名词 1.(时间或次序在前的) earlier; before; first; in advance 短语和例子 有言在先 make clear beforehand; 争先恐后 strive to be the first and fear to lag behind; 你不必先付款。 you don't have to pay in advance. 你先拟个提纲再写。 make an outline before you start writing. 他比我先到。 he arrived earlier than i did.; he arrived there before me. 他在班上遥遥领先。 he is far in advance of his class. 同志们先别走。 don't go yet, comrades. 我先说几句。 let me say a few words first. 先做学生,再做先生。 be a pupil before you become a teacher.2.(祖先; 上代) elder generation; ancestor 短语和例子 祖先 ancestor: forefather3.(尊称死去的人) deceased; late 短语和例子 先父 my late father4.[口语] (先前) earlier on; before 短语和例子 你先怎么不告诉我? why didn't you tell me before?5.(姓氏) a surname 短语和例子 先轸 xian zhen