| 1. | This rock type originates in the magma chambers that underlie volcanoes
这种岩石源自火山底下的岩浆库。 |
| 2. | They settle to the bottom of the chamber , leaving the remaining magma enriched in silica and aluminum ? from which dacites emerge
它们沉到岩浆库的底部，因此，剩馀的岩浆富含矽和铝，石英安山岩即从中生成。 |
| 3. | As the land above the magma chamber collapses , immense gray clouds called pyroclastic flows burst out horizontally all around the caldera
当岩浆库上方的陆地崩陷，称为火山碎屑流的巨大灰色云雾，会突然由火山臼的周围向外水平散开。 |
| 4. | Because the pressure inside a bubble matches that of the chamber where the magma formed , the bubble acts like a mini version of the chamber itself
因为气泡内的压力等于岩浆形成处、也就是岩浆库的压力，因此，气泡可说是岩浆库的缩小版。 |
| 5. | As the magma evolved chemically , it withdrew from the chamber underneath the summit , causing the ground there to collapse and feeding eruptions on the flanks
随著岩浆的化学演进，从火山山峰下的岩浆库退去，造成地面塌陷，并促成了侧边的爆发。 |
| 6. | Such findings would imply that a new cycle of volcanism had commenced ? and that the newly engorged magma chamber had more potential to explode catastrophically
这样的发现表示新一波的火山作用已经开始，而重新填满的岩浆库，更有可能造成灾难性的爆发。 |
| 7. | The rate at which magma leaves a chamber depends primarily on two factors : the magma ' s viscosity , or ability to flow , and the pressure difference between the chamber and the earth ' s surface
岩浆从岩浆库喷出的速度，主要取决于两个因素：岩浆的黏滞性（或是流动能力）以及岩浆库与地表的压力差。 |
| 8. | Aware of this correspondence , alfred anderson of the university of chicago and his colleagues studied the size of the bubbles under a microscope to estimate how long it took the magma to leak out
了解到气泡与岩浆库的一致性，芝加哥大学的安德森和研究同仁，便利用显微镜来研究气泡的大小，以估计岩浆的渗出花了多少时间。 |
| 9. | If the next eruption is depleted in oxygen 18 , then it is most likely still being fed by stagnant remnants of the original magma , which by now is probably more of a thick crystal mush than an explosive liquid
如果下一次的喷发较缺乏氧18 ，那麽它最有可能的来源是先前岩浆库中滞留的残馀物，此时可能是充满结晶的糊状物，而不是喷发的液态。 |
| 10. | On the other hand , if the new lava carries the fingerprint of fresh magma from the mantle and does not contain old zircons , then it very likely came from a large volume of new magma that has filled the chamber from below
不过，如果新熔岩显示的特徵，是来自地函的新鲜岩浆，而且不含古老的锆石，那麽它的来源很有可能是：从岩浆库下方填充上来的大量新岩浆。 |
