| 1. | Substitution effect of a price change
价格变动的替代效应 |
| 2. | The first , analyze the family saving income effect and substitute effect
第一，分析对家庭储蓄的收入效应和替代效应。 |
| 3. | The results suggest that there is no wealth effect in the market but only substitution effect
实证结果表明，我国房地产市场不具有财富效应而仅具有替代效应。 |
| 4. | We find the effect of migration on urban economy is determined by the trade off between demand effect and substitution effect
然后阐释了流动人口对城市经济发展的影响取决于需求效应和替代效应的相互权衡。 |
| 5. | Weather the income tax influence on saving behavior is positive or negative depends on the net effect of income effect and substitute effect resulted by the tax saving
所得税对储蓄行为的影响是积极的还是消极的，取决于税收储蓄的收入效应与替代效应的相对大小。 |
| 6. | The substitution effect will disappear if the foreign money is given for a purpose on which the recipient nation spends nothing ( or less than the grant )
如果国际援款把援助目标指向那些受助国未列财政开支（或财政开支少于救援款）的项目，这种替代效应就不复存在了。 |
| 7. | In section 2 . 2 , i mainly focus on the insufficiency of domestic demands resulted from the difference between income effect and substitution affect of the interest - rate reduction policy
2节研究一般均衡条件下的跨期消费选择引起内需不足，降息的收入效应大于替代效应，因此总消费下降。 |
| 8. | As far as the money supply , on the one hand , the price of securities goes up and the public liquidity preference increases so as to multiply the liquidity ratio between ml and m2
从货币供给看：一方面，证券价格上升，公众流动性偏好增强，从而流动性比率m1 m2上升。另一方面，股价上扬使得货币与资产之间产生替代效应， m2增长回落。 |
| 9. | The usage rate of fixed local telephones decreased by 2 . 9 % compared with the same period last year , while mobile local telephone usage increased by 33 . 6 % comparatively , further replacing fixed local services
固定本地电话通话量出现负增长，比去年同期下降2 . 9 % ，而移动本地电话通话时长比去年同期增长33 . 6 % ，对固定本地业务的替代效应持续增强。 |
| 10. | Because of taxation in connection with the loss of the property right and profit and the effect of substitution of taxation , taxing or not in one side depends on the existing economic circumstance
由于征税活动不仅直接关系到相关主体财产权的损益，而且由于征税所具有的替代效应，因此，一种税的开征于否，一方面既离不开现实的经济环境，也必须有相应的理论依据。 |
