The primary goal to develop a new highly effective deicer is gained 基本实现了开发新型除冰剂的初衷，达到了本课题的研究目的。
2.
Aircraft ground support equipment - specific requirements - part 6 : deicers and deicing antiicing equipment 航空器地面支持设备.特殊要求.第6部分:去冰器和去冰防冻设备
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Aircraft ground support equipment - specific requirements - part 6 : deicers and deicing antiicing equipment ; german version en 12312 - 6 : 2004 飞行器地面支持设备.特殊要求.第6部分:去冰机和除冰
4.
There are all kinds of the deicing salts , mainly divided into two kinds : traditional deicing salt such as sodium chloride and organic deicer such as cma 除冰剂的类型很多，主要分为以氯化物盐为主的传统型除冰剂和以cma为代表的新型全有机型除冰剂。
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The product developed in the experiment enriches the diversity of the deicers , has some application value , and becomes one of the first - choice deicers in cold areas in winter 此次课题开发的产品，丰富了除冰剂的品种，具有一定的应用价值，成为高寒地区冬季冰雪的首选除冰剂之一。
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While rock salt ( nacl ) is relatively abundant and a very cheap deicer , it is endothermic while melting , pollutes the environment and accelerates corrosion of vehicles , bridges , guardrails and reinforcing steel in concrete 以氯化物盐为主的传统型除冰剂虽然原料廉价易得，冰点低，但融解过程吸热，对环境造成污染，对道路设施产生腐蚀。
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Abstract : the paper analyses and compares the current test methods of deicer - frost in different countries . on the basis of the study of influence on deicer - frost scaling of concrete , the test method of deicer - frost was further improved , and an easier preparing method of samples for deicer - frost and a quantitative evaluating method of frost - resistance were put forward 文摘:在分析、比较不同国家现行的盐冻试验方法，在研究影响混凝土除冰盐剥蚀因素的基础上，对盐冻试验方法进行改进，提出更简易的盐冻试件制备方法和抗盐冻性能的量化评价方法。
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Leather seat , gasoline ( unlead engine ) , 4 speed automatic transmission , china specification , air conditioner , amfm radio & cassette , 6 cd changer , dual & side air bag , 16 " 6 - hole alloy wheel , sun roof , leather seat , windshield deicer , head lamp cleaner , wide inner mirror , seat heater , deluxe package ( including sport pedal set , sport scuff plate , privacy glass , sport steering wheel , sport suspension ) , abs , remote key , 1 set of tools & spare tyre , front left & right power seats ,皮座,汽油(无铅汽油发动机) ,四挡自动变速, 16 "六孔铝合金铃,中国标准规格,空调, amfm收音机及磁带机,六碟cd音向系统,双气囊及侧面气囊式辅助保护系统,合金铃,天窗,真皮座椅,车头玻璃溶雪装置,车头灯清洗装置,广角后视镜,前排电热座,豪华型配套(包括:跑车型金属踏板,车门框金属装饰衬板,感光玻璃,跑车型单色设计方向盘,跑车悬架) , abs ,遥控,工具及士啤呔,前左右电动座椅
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Cma , as an alternate deicer , tends to inhibit corrosion and appears to be relatively harmless to the environment . but cma is expensive because of the high price of its material , and it has less ability in melting ice than sodium chloride . besides these , cma sticks to wet surfaces and can congeal to form hard chunks , difficult to store for a long time , dusty and a strong vinegar smell when spread 而cma是对氯化物盐除冰剂的重大改进， cma具有无污染，环保的特点，对金属几乎无腐蚀，但由于原料价格昂贵，使得cma的价格不菲， cma对冰的融化能力不如氯化钠， cma易结块，不宜长期储藏，在撒布时形成的粉尘及刺鼻的酸味亦是需要改进的地方。
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All of these aspects need to be improved . considering the disadvantages of the two kinds of the deicers , great amounts of the science data are referred in the research experiment , by developing the main materials and the additives , a new kind of deicer : pal is founded . not only does pal remain the advantages of the traditional deicer such as cheap materials and low freezing point : - 43 . 8 c , but it has the character of cma , low corrosion to steel and concrete 针对上述除冰剂的缺点，本课题收集了国内外大量的相关科技文献，通过对主体物料和添加剂两方面的改善，寻找到一种新型除冰剂pal ，它既保留了传统除冰剂的优点，原料廉价易得，低冰点，可达- 43 . 8 ；又兼有cma的优点，对钢铁几乎无腐蚀，对混凝土无不良影响。
