The osteology and integument of deinonychosaurs from the jehol group of western liaoning are studied and a parsimonious phylogenetic analysis of the interrelationships of coelurosaurian dinosaurs is performed 摘要详细描述了中国辽西热河群部分恐爪龙类化石的骨骼与皮肤衍生物形态。
2.
1 . because the taxonomic division is rather complex and has been much disputed and revised , in this part , we will review the classification and phylogeny of families , subfamilies and tribes of anseriformes based on morphology , ethology , osteology , mitochondrial and nuclear dna restriction fragment length polymorphism , single - copy nuclear dna hybridization and the sequences of mitochondrial gene analysis referring to the different definition , classification and phylogenetic relationships of the families , subfamilies and tribes of anseriformes . the controversial questions and deficiency in the systematic studies of anseriformes were pointed out 具体包括以下几个部分： 1 、针对雁形目鸟类异常复杂的分类状况及分类上存在的争议，根据雁形目鸟类的形态学、行为学、骨骼学、角蛋白、线粒体与核dna酶切片段长度多态、单拷贝核dna - dna杂交及线粒体基因dna序列分析等方面的研究，对雁形目鸟类分类中科、亚科和族的划分及其相互间的系统发生关系进行综述，分析系统学研究中存在的不足，提出了雁形目鸟类分类中急需解决的问题。
