It was not just that he had decided tonality was dead ; schoenberg ' s 12 - note serialism had already made dissonance routine 这并不是因为他决定了音调的消逝，而是施托克豪森的十二音阶体系已经让人感到不协和音的寻常。
3.
As late as schoenberg , webern and stravinsky , the propensity for " singing " worked its magic even on their purely instrumental works 晚期如schoenberg , webern及stravinsky (史特拉文斯基) ,即使在他们的纯乐器作品, "唱"的倾向,有效
4.
Among the most prominent composers of the 20th century were b la bart k , gustav mahler , richard strauss , giacomo puccini , claude debussy , maurice ravel , charles ives , edward elgar , arnold schoenberg , sergei rachmaninoff , sergei prokofiev , igor stravinsky , dmitri shostakovich , benjamin britten , aaron copland and carl nielsen 在现代音乐之前，作为前继者的欧洲古典音乐家有巴尔托克、马勒、理查斯特劳斯、浦契尼、德布西、艾伍士、艾尔加、荀白克、拉赫曼尼诺夫、普罗高菲夫、史特拉汶斯基、萧士塔高维契、布瑞顿、柯普兰、尼尔森等人。
