| 1. | Cross-overs have occurred independently of each other between pair of homologous chromosomes .
交换现象独立地在每一对同源染色体之间发生。 |
| 2. | Translocation occurs when a fragment of one chromosome becomes attached to a non-homologous chromosome .
一段染色体跟非同源染色体连在一起时就发生易位。 |
| 3. | An aneuploid state in which a third homologous chromosome is present in addition to the normal autosomal pair is called trisomy .
除了正常染色体对以外，还存在有第二种同源染色体的非整倍体状态，被称为三体性。 |
| 4. | If both of a pair of homologous chromosomes are missing , nullisomy results
如果一对同源染色体都缺失了，称为缺体。 |
| 5. | Homologous chromosomes have chromomeres in identical places along their length
同源染色体在相同的部位具有染色粒。 |
| 6. | Bivalent describing any pair of homologous chromosomes when they pair up during meiosis
二价染色体：在减数分裂中配对时的任意一对同源染色体。 |
| 7. | Pachytene in meiosis , the stage in mid - prophase that is characterized by the contraction of paired homologous chromosomes
粗线期：减数第一次分裂前中期中的一个阶段，以配对同源染色体浓缩为特征。 |
| 8. | During anaphase i of meiosis pairs of chromatids still connected at their centromere move to the spindle poles
在减数分裂后期i中，由于纺锤丝的牵引，使成对的同源染色体各自发生分离，并分别向两极移动。 |
| 9. | Alternatively , they may rejoin a different part of the same chromosome , or another chromosome , giving a translocation
如果一个染色体臂的一段移接到另一非同源染色体的臂上的结构变异，这种现象叫做易位。 |
| 10. | Locus ( pl . loci ) the position of a gene on a chromosome . alleles of the same gene occupy the equivalent locus on homologous chromosomes
基因位点，基因座：基因在染色体上的位置。等位基因位于同源染色体相对应的位点上。 |
