| 1. | According to the investigation of the dykes in xinxiang reach of the yellow river , the annual volume of soil erosion caused by storm runoff amounted to 0 . 07 million cubic kilometres
根据我们对新乡地区内沿黄大堤的调查，每年暴雨径流侵蚀大堤的土方量约达7 104m3以上。 |
| 2. | On the development process , the rills were influenced by rainfall runoff on slope , but the sockets were the result of the long - term repetitious action of rainfall and runoff and subsurface flow
在发展过程上，前者受降雨径流侵蚀作用时间集中；后者是在长期多次降雨形成地面径流和壤中流侵蚀的共同作用下，逐渐发展起来。 |
| 3. | According to the analysis of the data of field observation and the simulated rainfall erosion experiment in lab , the results showed that there were many differences in the formation mechanism and development processes between the rills and sockets
3 、水沟、水穴(浪窝)的成因水沟、水穴(浪窝)都是降雨径流侵蚀的产物。野外实地观测和室内降雨侵蚀试验研究表明，两者在成因和发展过程上存在着差异。 |
| 4. | Ii ) runoff erosivity reflects relationship of water erosion forces and sediment yield more directly than rainfall erosivity . it intergrated ability of runoff volume and flood peak on detaching soil and transporting sediment and is more reasonable than single runoff depth or flood peak volume
( 2 )以径流侵蚀力代替降雨侵蚀力来反映水蚀营力与产沙量的关系更加直接，而且综合了径流量与洪峰在剥蚀土壤和搬运泥沙能力，比单独运用径流深或洪峰流量更加合理。 |
| 5. | In order to eliminate the hidden trouble caused by storm runoff erosion , the mechanism of the storm runoff erosion on the slope surface of the yellow river dykes has been studied in this thesis . through the simulation rainfall experiments and field observations , the formation mechanism of storm runoff scouring , rills and sockets have been opened up . meanwhile the possible control measures have been suggested
为了防治黄河大堤由于暴雨径流冲刷造成的不安全隐患，本文针对黄河大堤上的暴雨径流侵蚀进行了实地设站观测及室内模拟降雨侵蚀试验，通过揭示大堤暴雨冲刷过程机理，查清水沟、水穴(浪窝)等的成因，提出相应的防治对策。 |
| 6. | Moreover , hedgerow ecosystems were effective in controlling water and soil loss in june and august . under simulated rainfall , hemercoallis citrina baroni and p . rotation flligg hedgerow ecosystems had a significant effect on reducing water and soil loss in their later stages of plant growth , and there was a significant positive correlation between the effect on reducing water and soil loss and the rain intensities . moreover , hedgerow ecosystems decreased more soil loss than runoff , and the initial time of runoff incidences could well represent the water and soil conservation effects of hedgerow ecosystems
Rotatumflligg )植物篱笆生态系统年径流量、年侵蚀量分别减少10 . 14 11 . 56倍和135 . 34 165 . 84倍；植物篱笆生态系统和大豆单作处理的径流量、侵蚀量、可产生侵蚀的降雨量之间呈极显著正相关，建立了相应的降雨产流、降雨产沙、径流侵蚀模型，通过侵蚀雨量可以了解水土流失的发生特征； 6月和8月份(多短时暴雨)水土保持能力较明显。 |
| 7. | Relationship model among topography fractal dimension , runoff eroding power and sediment transport modulus was established after proposing topography fractal dimension as comprehensive quantitative index for topography by replacing rainfall erosivity with runoff erosivity . based on this model , relationship between watershed topography parameter and sediment yield were setup using the observed data from cha bagou watershed , together with parameter calibration
提出了以地形分维数作为地貌形态综合量化的指标，以径流侵蚀力代替降雨侵蚀力的思想，建立了模型流域地形分维数、径流侵蚀力与输沙模数之间的关系模型；在此基础上，应用岔巴沟流域实测资料，建立了流域地貌形态参数与侵蚀产沙关系模型，并进行参数率定和检验。 |
| 8. | Analyzed result on observed data shows that runoff erosivity and sediment transport modulus have a good power function ( y = mxn ) relationship . all the correlation coefficients of regression equation are bigger than 0 . 9 in different watershed and power exponent b is 0 . 4 - 0 . 65 , which average is 0 . 52 . and n is bigger as harness degree high
实际流域的观测资料分析结果表明：径流侵蚀力与输沙模数之间有很好的幂函数( y = mx ~ n )关系，回归方程相关系数均在0 . 9以上，关系式中幂指数n在0 . 4 - 0 . 65之间，平均为0 . 52 ，治理度越高， n值越大，而参数m与流域面积和治理度有关， m值随着流域面积的增大和治理度的提高而减小。 |
| 9. | It shows that topograhy fractal demension is reseanable in describing change of topography . based on this model and after introducing runoff erosivity factor , sediment yield model of watershed model was setup by using multi - regression analysis method . vi ) the relationship model between watershed topography parameter and
该关系模型以地形分维数为地形量化参数，以径流侵蚀力代表径流侵蚀土壤和搬运泥沙的能力，揭示了地貌形态因素和径流侵蚀力与输沙模数之间的内在关系;但此关系模型仅考虑了地形因子，还需考虑土壤、植被以及流域治理因素等综合影响。 |
