After the graft union has sealed, the upper portion of the understock is removed . 待接口愈合之后，除去砧木的上部。
2.
Stock is the root, tree, or portion of a tree which the graft is set . 砧木是根，或是树体，或是在它上面嫁接树体的部分。
3.
Use of named rootstocks of known vigor did not begin until the sixteenth century . 十六世纪以前，还没开始利用已经知道生长势的知名砧木。
4.
Rootstock breeding programs are receiving major emphasis in england, the ussr, and in poland . 砧木育种计划在英、苏、波、均作为重点项目。
5.
Grafting of root stocks with named scion cultivars was well understood by the romans . 用已经命名的栽培品种稼接在砧木上这种技术已经为罗马人所熟知。
6.
Obviously both rootstock and cultivar will have a pronounced bearing on tree size at maturity . 很明显，砧木或栽培品种都能对成龄植株的树形大小发生深刻的影响。
7.
The understocks should be grown in place or should be potted approximately a year prior to grafting . 砧木在嫁接前一年左右就应当定植在适当的地方或者盆栽起来。
8.
Sanitation, clean stock, and soil sterilization or pasteurization provide three legs of a good preventive program . 清洁卫生、砧木消毒和土壤消毒这是良好的预防计划的三条腿。
9.
Cells of scoin and understock live in harmony with each other, but do not interlace in such a manner as to form a mechanically strong point . 接穗和砧木细胞也能相互协调地生活，但是不能相互交错以形成机械上牢固的结合。
10.
Studies of affinity between rootstock and scion 砧木与接穗嫁接亲合力研究综述
