| 1. | Indications are that Al-Hakam was overstretched.
Les sources laissent penser qu'Al-Hakam a été débordé. |
| 2. | He had two brothers, al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As and Uthman ibn Abu al-As.
Il avait deux frères, Al-Hakam ben Abi al-As et Uthman ibn Abi al-'As. |
| 3. | After an unsuccessful uprising in Córdoba, Spain in 818 against Emir al-Hakam I the city's Muladi Muslim inhabitants were exiled.
Après un soulèvement raté à Cordoue en 818 contre l'émir Al-Hakam Ier, les muladi de la ville sont exilés. |
| 4. | Originally a slave girl of Spanish origin, she later became the secretary of the Caliph of Córdoba, Al-Hakam II, a great defender of culture.
Elle fut la secrétaire du calife de Cordoue Al-Hakam II, grand défenseur de la culture. |
| 5. | The site was rebuilt under al-Hakam (son of Abd ar-Rahman II), brother of Muhammad I. It became the capital of the region.
Le site a été reconstruit sous Al-Hakam 1er, frère de Muhammad I. Elle est devenue la capitale de la région. |
| 6. | 814: Al-Hakam I crushed a rebellion of Iberian Muslims led by clerics in a suburb called al-Ribad on the south bank of the Guadalquivir river.
814 : Al-Hakam Ier écrase une révolte des musulmans espagnols à al-Ribad, sur la rive sud du Guadalquivir. |
| 7. | The Caliphate appointed al-Hakam ibn Awana al-Kalbi (Al-Hakam) in 731 who governed till 740.
Ce qui est sûr, c'est que le califat nomme al-Hakam ibn Awana al-Kalbi (Al-Hakam) en 731 pour le remplacer et que ce dernier gouverne le Sind jusqu'en 740. |
| 8. | The Mehri tribe's achievements have been well-documented by historian Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam in his book titled The History of the Conquests of Egypt and North Africa and Spain.
Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam, historien égyptien malikite qui écrivit l'ouvrage Conquête de l'Egypte, de l'Afrique du Nord et de l'Espagne. |
| 9. | His nephew was Marwan ibn al-Hakam, His sister was Safiyyah bint Abi al-As, the mother of a wife of Muhammad, Ramla bint Abu Sufyan.
Son neveu était le calife omeyyade Marwan Ier, Sa sœur était Safiyya bint Abi al-'As, la mère de l'épouse de Mahomet, Ramla bint Abu Sufyan . |
| 10. | Up until the death of Al-Hakam II in the year 976, the Caliphate of Córdoba was a powerful state, both respected and feared by the Christian kingdoms to the north.
Jusqu'à la mort d'Al-Hakam II, en 976, le califat de Cordoue constitue un État puissant, respecté et craint des royaumes chrétiens. |
