| 1. | Solving a 100th-degree equation by hand is out of the question .
靠手算来解100次方程式是不可能的。 |
| 2. | Fault tree analysis ; manual calculation procedures for the evaluation of a fault tree
故障树分析.评价故障树的手算方法 |
| 3. | All of this needs heavy workload and brings trouble to manual calculation and plotting . repeating calculation is done to get appropriate protection areas and economical cost
这都给手算及绘图增添了麻烦，工作量也大，有时为了得到合适的保护范围及经济性，需要进行反复的计算。 |
| 4. | The relay regulation of power plant is very important , its workload is too heavy and the process is miscellaneous . the computation of regulation is still completed by hand at present
发电厂保护整定工作非常重要，但它的工作量大且过程繁杂，目前保护整定依然停留在人工手算阶段，这具有不可克服的缺陷。 |
| 5. | But with trial , error and some handy mathematics , they created the most sophisticated war machines the world had ever seen ? terrifying contraptions capable of hurling rocks weighing as much as 75 kilograms ( 170lb )
不过运用复杂，存在错误而且只是一些手算的数学，古代人创造了世界上从来没见过的复杂的战斗机器? ?一种可以投掷75公斤（ 170磅）重的石头的可怕发明。 |
| 6. | Combined with building code , a convenient method about choosing position of viscoelastic dampers is put forward and the locations of all veds can be decided at once . the method can provide a valuable reference for practical design of ved
结合规范提出了粘弹性阻尼器位置设计实用方法，使全部粘弹性阻尼器能够一次定位，简单可行，为实际工程ved减振设计提供了手算方法。 |
| 7. | The current approaches including code methods to calculate stress losses due to anchorage set exist several shortcoming , such as unsuitable to different profiles of tendons or very complicated to compute due to sectional analysis . based on classical theory of friction when tendons are stretched in post - tensioned concrete members , the unified method to calculate the stress losses in tendons due to anchorage set while considering the affection of reverse friction has been established , these formulae are suitable to be used in computer ; also approximate formulae are produced which are suitable to manual computation , they are easy to be applied in research or design
针对目前预应力钢筋锚固时钢筋回缩引起的预应力损失计算方法中存在的问题，建立了考虑反摩阻影响的后张法预应力混凝土桥梁锚固损失的统一计算式，适用于任意形状的预应力钢筋和单、双端张拉的情形；给出了适于机算的理论公式和适于手算的近似计算式，可方便地应用于研究和工程实践。 |
| 8. | Through the analysis of load ' s distributing and rational supposition , the calculate means of steered skin diaphragm is presented ; the shear capacity ' s analysis by finite - element software " ansys " . the model is predigested by use of the concept that the profiled sheet is transformed into the perpendicular - anisotropic board . the calculate result of model is also obtained
通过对蒙皮体系整体受力的分析，提出合理的力学假设，利用蒙皮体系的整体平衡关系，推导了不同破坏形式下蒙皮体系的极限承载力的简化手算方法，进而得到受力蒙皮体系极限承载力的确定方法；计算机有限元分析。 |
| 9. | Among the design of the truss system , it is deeply analyzed that the thought of choosing truss system type , the difficulties in designing truss system and their solutions , the constrain of column to truss chord deformation and the chord modified coefficients used in this case
在桁架体系设计中，笔者主要分析了桁架体系的选型思路；提出了桁架体系的设计难点，并给出了解决方案；分析了柱子约束对桁架弦杆受力的影响，并给出了在手算桁架体系杆件受力时所需要的弦杆内力修正系数。 |
| 10. | Abstract : based on the principle of mininmum potential and using rayleigh - ritz method , the geometric non - linear analysis of higher bridge piers was solved in this paper . the new concept of equivalent horizontal force proposed by the author may be casily to calculate the second effect , which was produced due to the vertical forces and resisted by the piers and rubber pad bearings incorporately . the simple formula in this paper are applicable to calculate by hand , understood clearly without computation of successive iteration , higher precision and graspable easily for the disigmer therefore it has the practical significance
文摘:根据最小势能原理，用瑞雷-里兹法解决了高桥墩的几何非线性分析问题；其次，提出了等效水平力的新概念，可以方便地解决桥墩和板式橡胶支座联合抵抗垂直力所产生的二次效应问题.笔者提出适合于手算的简便计算公式，概念明确，勿须迭代运算，精度较高，易为设计人员掌握，因此具有实用价值 |
