| 1. | Economies of scale and scope , sunk costs , barriers to entry and unbundled network elements
（经济规模，沉没成本，进入障碍以及非绑定网络元素. ） |
| 2. | So reducing artificial entry barriers is a very important task towards market economy
因此，清除具有负福利效应的市场进入障碍是中国市场化进程中的一项重要任务。 |
| 3. | It is possible that the diversification strategy in china is either a fashion in a sense or the result caused by the low barrier among industries
在中国，多元化策略或许是一种时髦，或者，由于产业间进入障碍相对低的产业环境造引起的结果。 |
| 4. | Even more in some markets government regulation gives rise to hard entry barriers . this has been a particularly active of research on entry barriers in recent years
市场进入障碍是市场结构的决定因素，其松动和变化有助于研究中国市场化的进程和评价推动经济转轨的进程因素。 |
| 5. | We will begin with a discussion of relevant topics from industrial organization including monopoly pricing , price discrimination , product differentiation , barriers to entry , network externalities , search and first - mover advantages
我们一开始将讨论相关的主题，包括了垄断定价、价格歧视、商品差异化、进入障碍、网络外部性、搜寻及先占优势。 |
| 6. | Why do we frequently observe that firms do not entry an industry despite the fact that existing firms in the industry make above normal profits ? - - because of the industry existing entry barriers
进入障碍问题已经成为非常活跃的研究领域，我们经常可以观察到为什么尽管一个产业中企业的收益超过平均利润，而其它的企业仍然没有进入?由于进入障碍的存在。 |
| 7. | Barriers to entry are considered an important structure characteristic of an industry . the competitiveness and the performance of an industry is generally assumed to be strongly influenced by its entry condition
进入障碍被看作是一个产业的结构性特征，竞争和产业的市场绩效通常被看作是受到强烈的进入条件的影响，进入障碍是非竞争型行为存在的实质，是新企业开始运营的首要障碍。 |
| 8. | We set up developing zone basic index of competitiveness focusing on three - index system of " market enter obstacle " , " expect investment return " and " serve efficiency " after expounding the basic train of thought and design principal
这是本文的重点，在阐明了基础思路和设计原则后，着重从“市场进入障碍” 、 “预期投资收益” 、 “服务效率”三个方面建立了开发区竞争力的基础性指标。 |
| 9. | Market can rapidly influence entry of factors and make it be utilized effectively . economic entry barriers ca n ' t be simply thought as destructive factors . then the elimination of artificial entry barriers will release much economy energy
市场可以迅速影响要素的进入，使资源得到有效的利用，经济性市场进入障碍不是市场结构效率的破坏性因素，而人为的进入障碍的消除可以保证许多资源能量的释放。 |
| 10. | This paper distinguishes and analyses many barriers to entry during china ' s transforming period and researches economic and non - economic entry barriers in competitive industry and non - competitive industry and recent development after entry into wto
本文从市场和企业的层面对转轨时期的进入障碍进行识别和分析，研究在竞争型行业和非竞争型行业中的经济性和非经济性市场进入障碍及在wto以后的动态变化。 |
